Types of
Concrete
The various types of concrete used in the construction industry are:
- PCC - Plain or Ordinary Concrete
- RCC - Reinforced Cement Concrete
- PSC - Prestressed Concrete
- Precast Concrete
- Light – Weight Concrete
- Fibre Reinforced Concrete
- High–Strength Concrete
- High-Performance Concrete
- High-Density Concrete
- Air Entrained Concrete
- Polymer Concrete
- Polymer concrete
- Polymer cement concrete
- Polymer impregnated concrete
- Self – Consolidated Concrete
- Roller Compacted Concrete
- Rapid Strength Concrete
Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) is also called as
Cement Concrete (CC) or Blinding Concrete. It consists of cement, sand and
coarse aggregates mixed with water in the specified proportions
Reinforced cement concrete
is a composite material made up of cement concrete and reinforcement in which
the concrete resists compression with reinforcement resisting the tension and
shear
A prestressed concrete may
thus be defined as a concrete in which stresses of suitable magnitude and
distribution are introduced to counteract, to a desired degree, the stresses
resulting from external loads. This phenomenon of
prestressing will make the lower section of the concrete member to be stronger
against the tension.
Precast concrete is a
construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or
"form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported
to the construction site and lifted into place ("tilt up"). In
contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on
site. Lightweight
Concrete
Fibre Reinforced Concrete
Fiber-reinforced concrete
(FRC) is concrete containing fibrous material which increases its structural
integrity. It contains short discrete fibers that are uniformly distributed and
randomly oriented. Fibers include steel fibers, glass fibers, synthetic fibers
and natural fibers – each of which lend varying properties to the concrete. In
addition, the character of fiber-reinforced concrete changes with varying
concretes, fiber materials, geometries, distribution, orientation, and
densities.
High-Strength Concrete
High-performance means
that the concrete has one or more of the following properties: low shrinkage,
low permeability, a high modulus of elasticity, or high strength. ...
High-strength concrete is typically recognized as concrete with a 28-day
cylinder compressive strength greater than 6000 psi or 42 Mpa.
High-Performance Concrete
High performance concrete
is a concrete mixture, which possess high durability and high strength when
compared to conventional concrete. This concrete contains one or more of
cementious materials such as fly ash, Silica fume or ground granulated blast
furnace slag and usually a super plasticizer.
High-Density Concrete
High density concrete is a
concrete having a density in the range of 6000 to 6400 kg/cu. m. High density
concrete is also known as Heavy weight concrete. High density concrete is
mainly used for the purpose of radiation shielding, for counterweights and
other uses where high density is required.
Air Entrained Concrete
Air-entrained Concrete.
Air-entrained concrete contains billions of microscopic air cells per cubic
foot. These air pockets relieve internal pressure on the concrete by providing
tiny chambers for water to expand into when it freezes.
Lightweight Concrete
Concrete is considered to be lightweight is the density is not
more than 2200kg/m3 (the density of normal weight concrete is assumed to be
between 2300kg/m3 and 2400kg/m3) and a proportion of the aggregate should have a density of
less than 2000kg/m3.
Lightweight aggregate concrete
can be produced using a variety of lightweight aggregates. Lightweight
aggregates originate from either:
- Natural
materials, like volcanic pumice.
- The
thermal treatment of natural raw materials like clay, slate or shale i.e.
Leca.
- Manufacture
from industrial by-products such as fly ash, i.e. Lytag.
- Processing
of industrial by-products such as pelletised expanded slab, i.e. Pellite.
Polymer Concrete
Polymer concrete the
aggregates will be bound with the polymer instead of cement. The production of
polymer concrete will help in the reduction of volume of voids in the aggregate.
The available polymer concrete
materials are polymer impregnated concrete (PIC), polymer cement concrete
(PCC), polymer concrete (PC) and, partially impregnated and surface coated
polymer concrete.
Self-consolidating concrete
Self-consolidating concrete or
self-compacting concrete (commonly abbreviated to SCC)[1] is a concrete mix
which has a low yield stress, high deformability, good segregation resistance
(prevents separation of particles in the mix), and moderate viscosity
(necessary to ensure uniform suspension of solid particles during
transportation, placement (without external compaction), and thereafter until
the concrete sets).
Pervious Concrete
Pervious concrete (also called
porous concrete, permeable concrete, no fines concrete and porous pavement) is
a special type of concrete with a high porosity used for concrete flatwork
applications that allows water from precipitation and other sources to pass
directly through, thereby reducing the runoff from a site ..
Roller Compacted Concrete
Roller-compacted concrete
has the same basic ingredient as conventional concrete: cement, water, and
aggregates, such as gravel or crushed stone. But unlike conventional concrete,
it's a drier mix—stiff enough to be compacted by vibratory rollers. Typically,
RCC is constructed without joints.
Rapid Strength Concrete
This type of concrete is
able to develop high resistance within few hours after being manufactured. This
feature has advantages such as removing the formwork early and to move forward
in the building process very quickly, repaired road surfaces that become fully
operational in just a few hours. Ultimate strength and durability can vary from
that of standard concrete, depending on compositional details.
